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1.
Aten Primaria ; 2024 Jan 24.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38272784

RESUMO

Gender violence has multiple and serious consequences for the health of victims and their families, hence the reason for the important role that the health system plays in addressing it. Health professionals have a key role in the response, which must include early detection, care, and follow-up; actions in which primary care, because of its privileged position in the system, can play a fundamental part. This article establishes the necessary characteristics for the intervention to be effective: comprehensive care, multidisciplinary approach, intersectoral coordination, and integrated service provision; all of it community-oriented, person-centered, and adapted to its context (social factors and vulnerabilities) with an intersectional approach. The woman, her sons and daughters, and other cohabitants, as well as the perpetrator, are considered the object of intervention in the response, and specific guidelines for action are provided for detection, care, and follow-up. Reorientation of interventions, with emphasis on a community approach, is also proposed.

2.
Aten Primaria ; 2024 Jan 10.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38212181

RESUMO

Sexual violence is a very underdetected public health problem, with important short and long-term consequences on physical, mental, social, sexual and reproductive health, which must be taken into account by health services. Health systems are part of the set of resources necessary for a comprehensive approach from the ecological model: prevention and promotion of healthy sexuality with equality, adequate and coordinated care in the event of sexual assault and subsequent support to prevent sequelae. All sexual violence has health consequences, even those that may seem less serious such as sexual harassment or sexual cyberviolence. We must know the needs of the victim and their possible emotional reactions. A risk assessment will be carried out, the victim will be referred to a hospital if necessary and comprehensive and integrated care will be provided. Care and follow-up must focus on the survivor and with professionals trained in trauma to understand the consequences of sexual violence, offer a safe and trusting environment and know how to reinforce their qualities and support.

3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 942020 Jul 03.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32618288

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This work was performed in order to get objective elements of judgment that support the improvement of a national population morbidity grouper based in the Adjusted Morbidity Groups (AMG). The study compared the performance in terms of predictive power on certain health and resource outcomes, in between the AMG and several existing morbidity groupers (ACG®, Adjusted Clinical Groups and CRG®, Clinical Risk Group) used in some Autonomous Regions in Spain (Aragón, Canarias y Castilla y León). METHODS: Cross-sectional analytical study in entitled/insured population with respect to rights of healthcare. Predictive capacity of the complexity weight obtained with the different stratification tools in the first year of the study period was evaluated using a simple classification method that compares the areas under the curves ROC for the following outcomes that occurred in the second year of the study period: Probability of death; probability of having at least one urgent hospital admission; total number of visits to hospital emergencies; total number of visits to primary care; total number of visits to hospital care and spending in pharmacy. RESULTS: The results showed that AMG complexity weight were good predictors for almost all the analyzed outcomes (AUC ROC>0.7; p<0.05), for the different Autonomous Regions and compared to ACG® or CRG®. Only for the outcome of visits to hospital emergencies in Aragon and Canarias; and visits to specialized care in Aragon, the predictive power was weak for all the compared stratification tools. CONCLUSIONS: GMA® is a population stratification tool adequate and as useful as others existing morbidity groupers.


OBJETIVO: Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de conseguir elementos objetivos de juicio que apoyasen la evolución de un estratificador de la población nacional desarrollado en base a los Grupos de Morbilidad Ajustada (GMA). Para ello se validó el poder predictivo de esta herramienta de estratificación sobre determinadas variables de resultado, mediante comparación con otros estratificadores como ACG® (Adjusted Clinical Groups) y CRG® (Clinical Risk Group), utilizados en algunas comunidades autónomas (CCAA) como Aragón, Canarias y Castilla y León. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio analítico transversal en la población con derecho a la asistencia sanitaria. Se evaluó la capacidad predictiva del peso de complejidad obtenido con cada una de las herramientas de estratificación en el primer año, mediante un método de clasificación simple que comparó las áreas bajo las curvas ROC sobre las siguientes variables de resultado que sucedieron en el año siguiente: probabilidad de muerte; probabilidad de tener al menos un ingreso hospitalario urgente; número total de asistencias a urgencias hospitalarias; número total de visitas a Atención Primaria (AP); número total de consultas externas de Atención Hospitalaria (AH) y gasto farmacéutico. RESULTADOS: Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que los GMA® fueron buenos predictores de casi todas las variables analizadas (Resultados Curvas ROC AUC>0,7; p<0,05) para las distintas comunidades autónomas, al comparar con los ACG® o los CRG®. Únicamente para la variable de asistencia a urgencias hospitalarias en el caso de Aragón y Canarias, y las derivaciones a AH en el caso de Aragón, la capacidad predictiva no fue adecuada con ninguna de las herramientas de estratificación comparadas. CONCLUSIONES: La herramienta GMA® es un sistema de estratificación de la población adecuado y tan útil como otras alternativas existentes.


Assuntos
Hospitalização , Morbidade , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estudos Transversais , Atenção à Saúde , Emergências , Recursos em Saúde , Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Admissão do Paciente , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Probabilidade , Curva ROC , Fatores de Risco , Software , Espanha/epidemiologia
4.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 94: 0-0, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-196089

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de conseguir elementos objetivos de juicio que apoyasen la evolución de un estratificador de la población nacional desarrollado en base a los Grupos de Morbilidad Ajustada (GMA). Para ello se validó el poder predictivo de esta herramienta de estratificación sobre determinadas variables de resultado, mediante comparación con otros estratificadores como ACG® (Adjusted Clinical Groups) y CRG® (Clinical Risk Group), utilizados en algunas comunidades autónomas (CCAA) como Aragón, Canarias y Castilla y León. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio analítico transversal en la población con derecho a la asistencia sanitaria. Se evaluó la capacidad predictiva del peso de complejidad obtenido con cada una de las herramientas de estratificación en el primer año, mediante un método de clasificación simple que comparó las áreas bajo las curvas ROC sobre las siguientes variables de resultado que sucedieron en el año siguiente: probabilidad de muerte; probabilidad de tener al menos un ingreso hospitalario urgente; número total de asistencias a urgencias hospitalarias; número total de visitas a Atención Primaria (AP); número total de consultas externas de Atención Hospitalaria (AH) y gasto farmacéutico. RESULTADOS: Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que los GMA® fueron buenos predictores de casi todas las variables analizadas (Resultados Curvas ROC AUC>0,7; p < 0,05) para las distintas comunidades autónomas, al comparar con los ACG® o los CRG®. Únicamente para la variable de asistencia a urgencias hospitalarias en el caso de Aragón y Canarias, y las derivaciones a AH en el caso de Aragón, la capacidad predictiva no fue adecuada con ninguna de las herramientas de estratificación comparadas. CONCLUSIONES: La herramienta GMA® es un sistema de estratificación de la población adecuado y tan útil como otras alternativas existentes


OBJECTIVE: This work was performed in order to get objective elements of judgment that support the improvement of a national population morbidity grouper based in the Adjusted Morbidity Groups (AMG). The study compared the performance in terms of predictive power on certain health and resource outcomes, in between the AMG and several existing morbidity groupers (ACG®, Adjusted Clinical Groups and CRG®, Clinical Risk Group) used in some Autonomous Regions in Spain (Aragón, Canarias y Castilla y León). METHODS: Cross-sectional analytical study in entitled/insured population with respect to rights of healthcare. Predictive capacity of the complexity weight obtained with the different stratification tools in the first year of the study period was evaluated using a simple classification method that compares the areas under the curves ROC for the following outcomes that occurred in the second year of the study period: Probability of death; probability of having at least one urgent hospital admission; total number of visits to hospital emergencies; total number of visits to primary care; total number of visits to hospital care and spending in pharmacy. RESULTS: The results showed that AMG complexity weight were good predictors for almost all the analyzed outcomes (AUC ROC>0.7; p < 0.05), for the different Autonomous Regions and compared to ACG® or CRG®. Only for the outcome of visits to hospital emergencies in Aragon and Canarias; and visits to specialized care in Aragon, the predictive power was weak for all the compared stratification tools. CONCLUSIONS: GMA® is a population stratification tool adequate and as useful as others existing morbidity groupers


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Risco Ajustado/tendências , Grupos Populacionais/classificação , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Estudos Transversais , Evolução Fatal , Tratamento de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos
5.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 20(5): 343-352, sept.-oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67481

RESUMO

Los servicios de urgencias son uno de los lugares más accesibles que pueden encontrarlas mujeres víctimas de malos tratos para solicitar ayuda, por lo que se detectan cifras altas de violencia doméstica entre las usuarias de estos centros. Consultan por muy diversas causas, será importante estar sensibilizados con el problema para detectarlo precozmente. Los dos aspectos más importantes en la atención urgente a la violencia hacia las mujeres son la detección precoz con las técnicas de anamnesis adecuadas y la valoración del riesgo vital que tiene la paciente antes de ser dada de alta de urgencias. Se recomienda realizar una entrevista dirigida ante la sospecha de malos tratos, conocer y aplicar el protocolo de actuación ante estos casos e informaremos a la paciente de los recursos existentes y trámites a seguir existentes respetando la decisión que tome (AU)


Emergency rooms are among the most accessible places available to battered women seeking help, and large numbers of domestic violence cases are detected annually during treatment in these facilities. Victims of abuse come to emergency rooms for a variety of reasons and we must raise our awareness of the problem if cases are to be detected early. Key aspects of emergency care of victims of gender-based violence are early detection of cases in the course of taking a full medical history and the assessment of threat to the patient's life before discharge. A directed interview should be undertaken if there is any suspicion of physical abuse, and the caregiver should know the protocol for action in such cases. The patient should be informed of resources that are available and what procedures to follow in order to carry out whatever decision she takes (AU)


Assuntos
Identidade de Gênero , Violência , Violência Doméstica , Emergências/epidemiologia , Árvores de Decisões , Fatores de Risco , Programas de Rastreamento , Entrevista Psicológica/métodos , Entrevista Psicológica/normas , Estatísticas Vitais/estatística & dados numéricos , Estatísticas Vitais , Decisões Judiciais
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